Become A Member

Introduction: Ayurveda, the traditional system of Indian medicine, has long emphasized the use of polyherbal formulations (yoga or samyoga) over single herbs (ekadravya). This strategy is based on the principles of synergism, antagonism neutralization, and potentiation, where combining multiple herbs enhances therapeutic efficacy and minimizes toxicity. Modern pharmacological studies have increasingly validated these concepts, demonstrating synergistic antioxidant, immunomodulatory, adaptogenic, and antimicrobial effects of polyherbal formulations. Methods: A structured literature search was conducted using classical Ayurvedic texts (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Bhavaprakasha Nighantu), and modern databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AYUSH Research Portal). Literature published between 1980 and 2025 was screened. Inclusion criteria comprised experimental, pharmacological, and clinical studies on polyherbal formulations, while single-herb studies were excluded. Results: Ayurvedic classics describe numerous polyherbal formulations such as Chyawanprash, Triphala, Dashamoola, and Ashwagandharishta, each targeting multiple body systems. Modern studies reveal mechanisms including enhanced bioavailability, synergistic free radical scavenging, immunomodulation, and gut microbiota modulation. Clinical trials support benefits in conditions like diabetes, arthritis, respiratory infections, and cognitive decline. However, variability in preparation, lack of standardization, and limited large-scale trials remain challenges. Discussion: The Ayurvedic rationale of polyherbalism resonates with current systems biology and network pharmacology approaches. Integration of phytochemical profiling, omics-based research, and nanotechnology offers opportunities for scientific validation. Conclusion: Polyherbal formulations embody Ayurveda’s holistic therapeutic philosophy and hold great promise as safe, effective, and multi-target pharmacological interventions. Rigorous standardization and clinical validation can strengthen their global acceptance.

KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, clinical trials, pharmacological evaluation, polyherbal formulations, synergism